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to these experiences by decentralisation:In some cases
they have tried everything to make the managers of their
sub-entities feel more nearly like owners of separate firms.
This behaviour of the large concerns ( especially in the
technological industries ) is witness both to their own
difficulties and to the successes of smaller firms.
The common feature of these changed circumstances is the
fact that the human element in production has gained
a new weight due to the importance of skill in the
technological industries. This starts from the research
personel, but it does not end there, it extends to the
skilled workers who after the period of "Fordism"
is passing away, are again coming back.
The Demand Constraint ( Realisation )
The realisation of surplus value is indeed
the life and death question of capitalist
accumulation.
Rosa Luxemburg, Die Akkumulation des Kapitals.
While Marx treated with great acumen the supply constraints
on accumulation, he had little to say about the demand
constraints. The topic of underconsumption is treated
in Das Kapital only rarely and rather cursorily.
This is the more surprising since he had created in the
department scheme of Vol.2 and ideal instrument for
analysing the circuit of demand, cost and income; but
he never reaped the fruit of this brilliant idea.
It was left to Rosa Luxemburg to proceed with its
application and to Michal Kalecki to bring it fully to fruition.