3 
The price for this freedom is complete resignation in his re 
lation to society: He has no influence on the use to which 
science is put. 
The social scientist, on the other hand, has started as a pro 
ducer of ideologies, either apologetic or utopian, or reformist. 
Only comparatively recently has he started to offer techniques, 
like the scientist, hut in contrast to the latter's techniques, 
they are inextricably mixed up with social aims and political 
issues. The political powers which the scientist has (to a large 
extent) shut out from the intimacy of his work shop since 
Galilei, are ever present in the social scientist's study. 
As a result, the social scientist finds it difficult to sell 
his '’products'*, like the scientist, and wash his hands after 
wards. Rather, he has to sell himself as a whole: That means, 
the very contents of his work are difficult to separate from 
social and political issues. 
This, however, has to be qualified. There are signs that also 
social or economic techniques lend themselves to use by dif 
ferent powers and for different aims (this is true, for 
example, of full employment techniques) so that the contrast 
described above reduces to a difference of degrees and is per 
haps connected with the different stages of development of the 
two fields of knowledge. In practice, however, the difference 
is very great, so that the above picture of the contrast in 
the position of scientist and social scientist is not exag 
gerated.