= 
Jor 
shows that median societal preference for Independence is positively correlated with a positive 
relationship between favoring Conformity and favoring private property (n=15, r=.63, p =.01). 
This means that the strong negative relationship between Conformity and property evident 
across societies is increasingly characteristic of people within societies the less they favor 
personal independence. 
For speculative purposes, the effects of Independence values on property relationships 
are displayed in Figure 5, which combines Figures 3 and 4, but with the latter reversed so that 
the abscissa can represent the positive relationships of Leadership and Nonconformity with 
favoring property. Thus, the farther societies lie to the right on the abscissa, the more the 
across-society relationships are valid within-society. Regression lines have been added to 
illustrate the tentative assumption that Independence predicts the relationship of interpersonal 
values to private property. In societies where people value Independence of action, favoring 
Leadership and favoring private property seem to go hand-in-hand. However, in these societies 
it is Conformity, rather than Nonconformity, that has a positive relationship to private property. 
In societies where people do not favor Independence of action, the reverse seems to be true, 
though the speculation is more tentative since the numeric values of the Independence scale 
and of the correlations are essentially reports of indifference. Nevertheless, it appears that in 
societies that do not value Independence of action, favoring private property goes hand-in-hand 
with favoring Nonconformity but not with favoring Leadership. 
There appears to be a remarkably balanced trade-off of Leadership values for 
Nonconformity values, depending on whether or not a people value Independence of action. 
There might be some concern that these relationships are artifacts of the ipsitive relationships 
of the Leadership, Conformity, and Independence SIV measures. However, that would appear 
not to be the case, based on analyses using the mutually independent SIV preference pair 
scores. The correlation of societal Independence scores and the within-society correlations of 
Leadership and PQ1 shown in Figure 3 is substantiated by strong positive correlations between 
median societal 1S, IB, IC, IL, and IR scores and within-society correlations of PQ1 with LI, LS, 
LB, and LR. Similarly, the correlation of societal Independence scores and the within-society 
correlations of Conformity and PQ2 shown in Figure 4 is substantiated by strong positive 
correlations between median societal IS, IB, IC, IL, and IR scores and within-society correlations 
of PQ2 with Cl, CS, CB, CR.